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Thin-film freeze-dried antibiotic powders for fixed-dose pulmonary delivery
Background
Pulmonary diseases such as nontuberculous mycobacterial infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remain major global health challenges, often requiring long-term antibiotic therapy delivered directly to the lungs to achieve effective pathogen clearance.
Inhaled drug delivery provides a promising approach to increase local...
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Sulfonyl-triazole activators for cell-selective glycolysis enhancement in cancer and Parkinson’s disease
Background
Cellular metabolism is a central regulator of immune cell function and neuronal survival, making it a promising therapeutic target in both cancer and neurodegenerative disease. In solid tumors, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) frequently succumb to metabolic exhaustion due to the nutrient-depleted and immunosuppressive microenvironment,...
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Spray-dried RNA-lipid nanoparticle dry powder technology for stable and inhalable delivery of therapeutics
Background
Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics have rapidly emerged as a transformative method for vaccination and gene therapy. However, the field faces significant hurdles related to the instability of mRNA molecules, which are highly susceptible to enzymatic degradation. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have become the delivery vehicle of choice, shielding...
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Sulfonyl-purine probes for covalent targeting of lysine and tyrosine in drug discovery
Background
A significant portion of the human proteome remains inaccessible to traditional drug discovery approaches, particularly proteins lacking reactive cysteines or well-defined binding pockets. These so-called “undruggable” targets present major challenges for small molecule therapeutics, limiting the development of treatments for...
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Dual-action topical formulations for enhanced skin penetration and targeted dermal repair
Background
Dermatological and cosmetic treatments increasingly focus on targeted delivery of active compounds to the deeper skin layers to combat photoaging, oxidative damage, and carcinogenesis. However, the stratum corneum presents a formidable barrier to percutaneous absorption, limiting the efficacy of topically applied actives. Conventional...
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High-dose dry powder inhaler for dual pulmonary and oral indomethacin delivery
Background
Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) offer a non-invasive and rapid route for drug delivery, particularly for medications requiring swift systemic action. This is especially relevant for poorly soluble drugs such as indomethacin, where oral administration is often limited by gastrointestinal degradation and adverse side effects. For indications...
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Inhalable vancomycin–DNase powder for eradication of MRSA lung infections
Background
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia, contributing to elevated mortality, prolonged hospitalizations, and increased healthcare costs. The persistence of MRSA in the lungs is largely due to its ability to form biofilms and generate persister cells, both of which protect the bacteria...
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Irreversible DGKα inhibitors for enhanced T‑cell activation in cancer immunotherapy
Background
Cancer immunotherapy seeks to harness the immune system to target and eliminate malignant cells. However, immune suppression within the tumor microenvironment poses a major challenge, blunting T-cell activation and allowing cancer cells to evade immune detection. Diacylglycerol Kinase α (DGKα) is a key enzyme that suppresses...
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Multilayered drug delivery implants for localized brain tumor therapy
Background
As treatment strategies evolve for brain tumors, especially post-surgical resection, localized therapy is emerging as a promising alternative to systemic drug delivery. The blood-brain barrier, along with the sensitive anatomy of the brain, makes it difficult to achieve effective therapeutic concentrations using traditional methods without...
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Engineered SGPL1 enzymes for selective extracellular S1P depletion in cancer immunotherapy
Background
The sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling axis plays a pivotal role in regulating immune cell trafficking, particularly in the context of cancer immunotherapy. S1P gradients between tumor-draining lymph nodes and the tumor microenvironment govern lymphocyte migration, with elevated extracellular S1P concentrations leading to...
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