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BRAIN-DERIVED SPECIFIC MOLECULAR AND CELL-TYPE RNA MARKERS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING DEPRESSION
Background
The field of psychiatric biomarker research has long sought reliable, accessible indicators of brain pathology to improve the diagnosis and management of disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Traditional psychiatric diagnoses rely heavily on subjective symptom reporting and clinical interviews, which can be imprecise. Given...
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High-yield prefusion stabilized hPIV3 antigens for vaccine and diagnostic development
This technology uses novel amino acid substitutions to stabilize the human parainfluenza virus 3 fusion protein, enabling its use as a more effective vaccine antigen and diagnostic reagent by improving protein stability and expression.
Background
Human parainfluenza virus 3 (hPIV3) is a prevalent respiratory pathogen causing severe illness...
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Aptamer-based field diagnostics for infectious PRRSV and PEDV detection
Background
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) are two of the most economically destructive viruses impacting the global swine industry. These pathogens cause severe illness and death in pig populations, leading to reduced productivity, increased veterinary expenses, and trade restrictions....
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Microfluidic evaporator concentrator for increasing analyte concentration in small-volume aqueous samples
Background
Point-of-care diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and biomanufacturing increasingly require the detection of low concentrations of biomolecules and other non-volatile analytes in aqueous samples, yet many portable analytical systems lack sufficient sensitivity without a preconcentration step.
Existing methods such as centrifugal evaporation,...
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Ultrathin graphene electronic tattoos for continuous, high-fidelity, and unobtrusive physiological monitoring
Graphene electronic tattoos are ultrathin, flexible, and transparent sensors that stick to skin like temporary tattoos to comfortably and accurately monitor vital signs, brain and muscle activity, hydration, and temperature for long-term, unobtrusive health tracking.
Background
Wearable physiological monitoring technologies have become increasingly...
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AI-powered framework for rapid and reliable colonoscopy diagnosis
Background/problem
Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of death and accounts for 15.6% of total deaths linked with cancer worldwide. Late detection dramatically reduces its five-year survival rate and increases treatment costs. Polyps (precancerous or cancerous growths) develop in the early stages of this cancer, and an important goal of...
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CRISPR-enhanced biosensor for ultrasensitive and multiplexed enzyme activity sensing
Background
Proteases play essential roles in numerous biological and pathological processes, including inflammation, cancer metastasis, neurodegeneration, and infectious disease. Specific protease activity serves as a valuable biomarker for disease progression, treatment monitoring, and drug development. However, existing detection methods are often...
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Modular robotic-assisted system for enhanced endoscope and colonoscope navigation
Background
Endoscopic and colonoscopic procedures are essential for diagnosing and treating a wide range of internal conditions, from gastrointestinal bleeding to early-stage cancers. These minimally invasive techniques depend on the clinician’s ability to skillfully navigate complex, tortuous anatomical structures to achieve clear visualization...
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Soft inflatable robot for in-pipe inspection
Background
Pipeline infrastructure in oil and gas, water systems, and chemical processing requires regular internal inspections to detect corrosion, blockages, and structural damage. However, many pipelines are narrow, tortuous, and operate under variable pressure and flow conditions, making access with conventional tools difficult. Rigid robotic crawlers...
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Technology for fabricating dense sapphire nanostructures using near‑field focusing of ultrafast lasers
Background
Nanostructuring ultrahard materials like sapphire is challenging due to their inherent hardness and chemical stability, which complicate the precise modification and removal of material. Traditional approaches such as multilayer masking, low-power dry etching, and direct ultrafast laser processing have struggled to achieve the fine,...
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